These approaches allow, for example, extracting the mRNA from a few cells and robust analysis by qRT-PCR (quantitative realtime PCR). With the advent of the study of proteomes emerged biochips development for protein research « at the molecular level. » Unfortunately no technique exists to amplify protein biomarkers and the question of their detection is crucial. The sensitivity of the detection is then limited by the sensitivity of analytical tools. Up to now protein biochips developed are based on fluorescence or electrochemical detection of target species.

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